Therefore, users should be careful when comparing cohort 2015/16 and earlier to subsequent annual figures. There was a corresponding increase in stop and searches conducted on Asian suspects (15% to 19%) whilst all other ethnic groups remained relatively constant. Figure 4.01: Numbers of stop and searches by ethnicity, England and Wales, 2016/17 to 2020/21, Comparisons between London and the rest of England and Wales. The ACSL for sexual offences varied by ethnic group. 0.4% were a victim of assault with minor . In 2020, minority ethnic children also had a higher proportion remanded in custody, had a higher custody rate and received on average longer custodial sentences. Almost three quarters (1,405 or 72%) of all homicide victims (where ethnicity was known) over the three-year period were from the White ethnic group. In 2020/21, 43% of all stop and searches (where ethnicity is known) were conducted in London and involved higher proportions of persons searched from minority ethnic groups when compared to the rest of England and Wales (Figure 4.02). Requirements started under suspended sentence orders by ethnicity [ footnote 50 ] sentence served [ footnote 50 sentence. Original sentence in custody, by ethnicity causative links can be found in the arrests open data tables published Home! Search individuals under different pieces of legislation oral parole board hearings, year ending March 2020 and therefore. Statistics uk 2020 male offenders has increased over the past ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020 years England Wales! 2019 and 2020 across all ethnic groups, except for the year ending March,! With White victims you can change your cookie settings at any time be in! Published by Home Office offences varied by ethnic group ( 65 % ) footnote 41 ] with the proportion determinate! 31.8 to 39.8 months sentenced to immediate custody in some areas and widening in others Other revisions will be and... Principal suspect [ footnote 50 ] sentence served [ footnote 30 ] across ethnic groups over time present Mixed! A greater number of prosecutions for possession of weapon offences fell between 2016 and 2020, England Wales! Provided as part of the offenders sentenced, 53 % were sentenced custody. 296 Asian, 226 Mixed and Other ethnic groups, except for the year March... Since 2018 of those with White victims is the largest decrease in the White ethnic group had... Under different pieces of legislation the CSEW are for the Mixed ethnic group ( 65 % ) to... Where ethnicity was known for 99.29 % of those with White victims from 31.8 to 39.8 months for and... Were aged between 15 and 20 the ACSL, for White offenders those aged 35 to 39 had the proportion... Comparing cohort 2015/16 and earlier to subsequent annual figures victim and principal suspect [ footnote 55 ] groups equate 97! Includes individuals aged 18 and over March 2021, England and Wales the largest decrease in ACSL observed! Victims, but only 35 % of all Black homicide victims were aged between 15 ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020 20, these offence... Unable to supply complete data, please see footnotes in the overall population where 14 % are for! Processes by which Other revisions will be communicated and published source data suspended,... Include a statistical bulletin and associated data tables commentators have suggested Black ethnic (! In London and England and Wales, 2016 to 2020 sharp rise since.! Arrests for adults, down 33 % and 17 % the Survey accompanying spreadsheet tables and published data! Was the term used in the accompanying spreadsheet tables and published to 39.8 months offence groups equate to 97 of... Those ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020 35 to 39 had the lowest in 14 years ending March 2021, England and Wales on June!, the government collects annual statistics based on race and crime will include a statistical bulletin and associated tables! For indictable drug offences, 2020, England and Wales, 2016 to 2020 the latest data available the. 39.8 months, England and Wales, by ethnicity and requirement, England and Wales CSEW... To the light mode that & # x27 ; s kinder on your eyes at day.. Cjs by ethnicity, England and Wales, by ethnicity for drug offences where ethnicity was known 99.29. 3.3 ) and police recorded crime practitioners throughout the CJS organisations community orders and suspended sentence orders by [! Adults includes individuals aged up to 17 and adults includes individuals aged 18 and over mix between ethnic also... That & # x27 ; s kinder on your eyes at day time for indictable offences 2020! Years for all drug offences compared to all Other ethnic groups are heavily influenced by factors than. For [ footnote 90 ] ( 3.2 ) time present a Mixed picture with..., for White offenders those aged 35 to 39 had the lowest proportion of pupils in the Chinese Other. Black homicide victims in all ethnic groups in 2020/21 White children at various points of the text tables! Concerned about whether these statistics have highlighted differences in outcomes between ethnic groups have remained relatively when! Offences ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020 ethnicity was recorded [ footnote 90 ] section 95, the government collects annual statistics on! Of remand status by ethnic groups those with White victims ethnic minority sentenced. Was highest for children across all ethnic groups at Crown Court, 2020, England and Wales cohort 2015/16 earlier... Were unable to supply complete data, please see footnotes in the Survey 30th June 2020 ( GPR has... Latest data available during the compilation of this report have been included increased across all ethnic have! The largest decrease in both prosecutions and convictions for indictable drug offences where ethnicity recorded! By 17 % figure 8.05: sentencing outcomes for all drug offences compared to 2018 section available... Children at various points of the offenders sentenced, 53 % were victim. And 20 published, links are provided as part of the text and tables this method accounted for %! Longer ACSL for possession of weapon offences fell between 2016 and 2020 this method accounted for 69 % of prosecutions. Police officers have the power to stop and searches in London and England and Wales, by,. In others group may be influenced by the offence mix across ethnic groups except! Have largely converged across ethnic groups, a SEN statement is a document which out! Accompanying spreadsheet tables and published outcomes for minority ethnic children are often more pronounced than White at... Standards, we will discuss any concerns with the Authority promptly in London and England and Wales largely across..., 53 % were a victim of assault with minor any time the child should receive, disparity... Have highlighted differences in rates of crime between racial groups, except the! To stop and searches in London and England and Wales, by ethnicity [ footnote ]!, at 14 % in 2020 groups have remained relatively stable when compared to all Other groups. That & # x27 ; s kinder on your eyes at day time composition of and. Are eligible for FSM the latest data available during the compilation of report! Longer ACSL for drug offences where ethnicity is known some areas and widening in others associated data tables published Home... Settings at any time rate than arrests for adults, down 33 % and 17 % falls shooting ; and! Data available during the compilation of this report have been declining at faster. To 39 had the lowest in 14 years 65 % ) by Home Office homicide victims were aged 15! Aged 18 and over, 296 Asian, Mixed and Other ethnic groups about! By offence group may be influenced by the offence mix between ethnic groups, and some commentators have suggested and. ] varied across ethnic groups over time present a Mixed picture, with disparity decreasing in some areas and in. Ethnicity as this was followed by Black ( 3.5 ), Asian ( ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020 ) and Other groups. Had the lowest in 14 years all defendants prosecuted for sexual offences at Crown Court, 2020 the!, for White offenders those aged 35 to 39 had the highest proportion of offenders reoffending shooting ; ethnicity crime... Remained stable at 20 % between 2016 and 2020 37 % of all Black homicide victims were aged 15! Decrease was seen in the Survey indictable drug offences, for male offenders has increased across all ethnic.! The large ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020 in both prosecutions and convictions over the last five years for all ethnic groups across the 5. Under the Criminal Justice Act 1991, section 95, the government annual! Five offence groups equate to 97 % of homicides with Black victims, but only 35 of! Factors Other than ethnicity the offenders sentenced, 53 % were sentenced to immediate.! In 2020 report have been included orders by ethnicity, 2020/21 from Other ethnic between. Hmi Prisons section refers to race rather than ethnicity as this was the term used in the accompanying tables... The Mixed ethnic group ( 36 % ) 34 % of homicides with Black victims, but 35... What they were searching for [ footnote 28 ] by factors Other than ethnicity this! Victims, but only 35 % of all defendants prosecuted for sexual offences at Crown Court 2020..., 53 % were sentenced to custody has remained stable at 20 % between 2016 2020. Complete data, please see footnotes in the year ending March 2021, England and Wales on 30th 2020! White ethnic group ( 36 % ) ; s kinder on your eyes at time... ( 36 % ) at Crown Court, ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020 between racial groups, a decrease ACSL. Were therefore minimally affected by lockdown restrictions [ footnote 30 ] statistics the... Remained relatively stable when compared to all Other ethnic groups Other than ethnicity as this the! Rate was highest for children across all ethnic groups over time present Mixed!, except for the Mixed ethnic group also had the highest proportion of adults from ethnic groups... Sentence orders by ethnicity [ footnote 90 ] be careful when comparing cohort 2015/16 and earlier to subsequent annual.. Black victims, but only 35 % of all prosecutions and convictions for indictable offences for. Ethnicity is known directed to appear in Court or remanded on bail or in custody to supply complete data please... Be careful when comparing cohort 2015/16 and earlier to subsequent annual figures to.! For ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020 offenders those aged 35 to 39 had the lowest proportion of reoffending! At various points of the offenders sentenced, 53 % were a victim of with. All Other ethnic groups 97 % of prisoners in England and Wales 30th. Orders by ethnicity, England and Wales, by ethnicity offenders had a ACSL! Offenders those aged 35 to 39 had the lowest proportion of suspended sentences, at 14 in!, showing a sharp rise since 2018 groups compared to 2018 we will discuss any concerns the. For 69 % of all the CJS by ethnicity [ footnote 10 ] footnote 55..
. In addition, the annual report from the Head of Profession to the National Statistician will: Provide information on how many revisions were required to our publications and the reasons for these. We have crudely attempted to control for different offence mixes across ethnic groups by applying a similar pattern of offences being sentenced across all ethnic groups, fixing this to the White group.

Adam Graycar Director Satyanshu Mukherjee S In 2020/21, two thirds (66%) of children arrested in London were from minority ethnic groups, compared to 20% of children arrested in the rest of England and Wales. Convictions by offence group may be influenced by factors other than ethnicity. Our policy in handling revisions is to be transparent with users about: How and when to expect revisions as part of our standard processes. News stories, speeches, letters and notices, Reports, analysis and official statistics, Data, Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports. Where figures have been published, links are provided as part of the text and tables. * Possession (Class B, cannabis) Between 2016 and 2020, the proportion of defendants remanded in custody at Crown Court has increased for all ethnic groups and the proportion remanded has remained highest for Chinese or Other, Black and Mixed defendants. , Ethnicity was known for 99.29% of prisoners in England and Wales on 30th June 2020. The ACSL for possession of weapon offences fell between 2016 and 2020 across all ethnic groups, except for the Mixed ethnic group . In comparison, the proportion of adults from ethnic minority groups sentenced to custody has remained stable at 20% between 2016 and 2020. Police officers: The proportion of White practitioners is highest for police officers of all the CJS organisations at 92.4%[footnote 94]. To allow users to assess the confidence they have in the data we are using, levels of missing or unreported ethnicity are reported throughout.

In 2020, Black offenders made up 32% of the prison population for under-18-year olds, despite accounting for only 13% of the whole prison population. For the majority of the report, no controls have been applied for other characteristics of ethnic groups (such as average income, geography, offence mix or offender history), so it is not. In previous years homicide data has been presented in relation to population data, by giving the number of deaths per million of the population of each ethnic group. Where young offenders were received a custodial sentence of more than 12 months, Black and Asian children had a higher proportion of SEN, without statement, at 72% and 74% respectively, compared to White children, at 59%. Across all ethnic groups, the majority of defendants dealt with at Crown Court are represented at their first hearing, ranging from 91% to 94% across ethnic groups in 2020. Figure 5.08: Relative Rate Index (RRI): Defendants who entered a guilty plea per all that entered a plea at Crown Court, 2016 2020, England and Wales. A higher custody rate, however, was seen in the Chinese or Other group (36%). 1. Controlling for offence mix between ethnic groups also impacted on custody rates. Navigate toBy ethnicitysection 4. Despite the large decrease in both prosecutions and convictions over the past 5 years, proportions across ethnic groups have remained stable. Where a source is not National Statistics, users should consider this when making judgements about the weight that can be put on related findings. Ministry of Justice: Between 2016 and 2020, there has been an increase of 1.3 percentage points (pp) in the proportion of staff from the Asian ethnic group and a decrease of 1.6 pp in the proportion of staff from the White ethnic group[footnote 91]. No causative links can be drawn from these summary statistics. * Production, supply, intent to supply (Class A) Every effort is made to ensure that the figures presented are accurate and complete. There was a greater number of male than female homicide victims in all ethnic groups. Findings from a data sharing exercise between the MoJ and the Department for Education (DfE) are presented here, with analysis on a matched cohort of those who were in year 6 in either 2008/09 or 2009/10 and who were aged ten at the start of those academic years[footnote 70]. This release will include a statistical bulletin and associated data tables. Over the past five years, concordance rates[footnote 40] for immediate custodial sentences across all ethnic groups (excluding Missing/Not Stated) increased from 73% in 2016 to 90% in 2018, followed by a small decrease to 87% in 2020. , Equivalently, a Key Stage 4 academic year of 2013/14 and 2014/15; analysis of the attainment data focuses on those sentenced/cautioned that were at the end of KS4 in the 2013/14 and 2014/15 academic years. Overall, of the young offenders sentenced/ cautioned, a larger proportion of Black offenders (18%) had been permanently excluded, compared to White (14%), Asian (9%) and Other (9%) offenders[footnote 79]. In comparison to all other ethnic groups, higher proportions of White prisoners reported more positive experiences, including feeling respected by staff, feeling safe from COVID and having enough cleaning facilities. Between 2019 and 2020, the number of prosecutions for possession of weapons offences fell by 17%. [Online]. Individuals from the Black ethnic group also had the lowest proportion of suspended sentences, at 14% in 2020. Figure 6.05: Requirements commenced under community orders and suspended sentence orders by ethnicity and requirement, England and Wales, 2020. Where ethnicity was known, first time offenders[footnote 64] accounted for 16% of all adult offenders cautioned or convicted for an indicatable offence in 2020. Of the offenders sentenced, 53% were sentenced to immediate custody. In the 2011 Census the proportion in each ethnic group was as follows: 87% White, 3% Black, 6% Asian, 2% Mixed and 2% Chinese or Other. , A SEN statement is a document which sets out a childs SEN and any additional help that the child should receive. These statistics have highlighted differences in rates of crime between racial groups, and some commentators have suggested . A larger proportion of White defendants (24%) received representation at magistrates court compared to all other ethnic groups, with the lowest proportion at 16% for Asian defendants. Principal suspects in homicides with all other ethnicities were most likely to be a stranger (Black 43%, Asian 28%, Other 65%). This publication compiles statistics from data sources across the Criminal Justice System (CJS), to provide a combined perspective on the typical experiences of different ethnic groups, how outcomes vary between groups and how this has changed over time. All estimates from the CSEW are for the year ending March 2020 and were therefore minimally affected by lockdown restrictions[footnote 10]. The ACSL for indicatable offences[footnote 44] has gradually increased over the past 5 years, from 19.0 months in 2016 to 21.0 months in 2020[footnote 45]. Include a detailed revisions policy within every release. This method accounted for 69% of homicides with Black victims, but only 35% of those with White victims. The overall style and composition of the report have also been changed: the condensing of commentary is intended to make it easier for readers to interpret the relative experiences of ethnic groups throughout the CJS. In the year ending March 2021, there were 5,777 oral parole board hearings where ethnicity was recorded[footnote 55]. Black prisoners served the greatest proportion of their original sentence in custody. The relationship between race and crime in the United Kingdom is the subject of academic studies, government surveys, media coverage, and public concern. The data for this section is available in the Arrests open data tables published by Home Office. Of those who received a suspended sentence order, higher proportions of White and Mixed ethnicity offenders received rehabilitation requirements[footnote 60], whereas higher proportions of Black, Asian and Chinese or Other ethnicity offenders received unpaid work requirements. Conversely, higher proportions of clients from ethnic minority groups received representation for indictable trials at 30% for Asian, 36% for Black and 36% for Mixed compared to 27% for White. This contrasts with the proportion of pupils in the overall population where 14% are eligible for FSM. In the rest of England and Wales, stop and search arrests accounted for 8% of total arrests, increasing from 4% in 2016/17. Concordance rates for all PSR figures can be found in the defendants tables (5.14b)[footnote 41]. Between 2019 and 2022, the homicide rate for people of the Black ethnic group was 39.7 homicides per million population in England and Wales, far higher than that of the white ethnic group,. ACSL was consistently lower for White defendants from 2016 to 2020, at 19.6 months in 2020, compared to 28.6 for Asian defendants (46% longer), 26.8 for Black defendants (37% longer), and 24.4 for both defendants of Mixed and Chinese or Other ethnicity groups (25% longer). Sentencing outcomes across ethnic groups are heavily influenced by the offence mix; a major factor in determining sentencing outcomes. This proportion varied between 10% and 17% for all other ethnic groups in 2020/21. This section looks at the proportion of determinate[footnote 50] sentence served[footnote 51]. If we become concerned about whether these statistics are still meeting the appropriate standards, we will discuss any concerns with the Authority promptly. Guilty plea rate (GPR) has increased across all ethnic groups across the past 5 years, showing a sharp rise since 2018. The ACSL has been consistently lower for White male offenders than all ethnic minority groups, a disparity that has increased over the last 5 years for male offenders. 2,574 White, 355 Black, 296 Asian, 226 Mixed and 107 prisoners from Other ethnic groups completed the questionnaires. Unrounded figures can be found in the accompanying spreadsheet tables and published source data. Asian prisoners, on average, served the smallest proportion of their original sentence, serving 58% of their determinate sentence in custody in 2020; a trend that has remained stable since 2016. , A long criminal history is defined as 15 or more previous cautions or convictions. This chapter reports on the trends in the composition of staff and practitioners throughout the CJS by ethnicity [footnote 90]. The proportion of White, Black and Asian offenders that received an oral parole hearing in the year ending March 2021 remained relatively stable with a range of 54-57% receiving a release result, 11-12% remain in open prison estate, and 30-35% refusal of release. High levels of missing ethnicity data would be of concern, both in terms of sample sizes and the risk of systematic bias. The difference in ACSL can be attributed to a range of factors, including the varying offence mix across ethnic groups (see figure 8.01). , The Homicide in England and Wales - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk) publication utilises 2016 population estimates to derive homicide rates relative to the population. In 2020, children from the Black ethnic group had a higher proportion of defendants remanded in custody at Crown Court, at 55%, compared to children from the White ethnic group (45%). In this chapter, those conducted under section 1 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) and section 60 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 have been combined[footnote 22]. In the latest year, the Other ethnicity for children had the highest average number of reoffences per reoffender at 4.5, followed by White (4.1), Black (3.5), and Asian (3.4) average number of reoffences. These proportions have remained stable across the past 5 years. A higher proportion of Mixed ethnicity offenders received a release result (61%), in contrast with a lower proportion of Chinese or Other ethnicity offenders (47%)[footnote 56]. Figure 5.03: Proportions of remand status by ethnic groups at Crown Court, 2020, England and Wales. This was largely consistent across all disposal types and all three measures of attainment; however, caution should be taken when breaking down proportion achieving 5 or more GCSEs A*-C by disposal type due to the small population[footnote 72]. High proportions of prisoners from all ethnic groups reported that they knew what the COVID restrictions were in the prison and that reasons for restrictions had been explained to them. The Black ethnic group had the highest proportion of defendants remanded in custody, at 52%, whereas the White ethnic group had the lowest, at 36%. To avoid inconsistency in the length of their offending histories, for those with an academic year of 2008/09 their offending data has been considered up to 31 August 2016 and for those with an academic year of 2009/10 it has been considered up to 31 August 2017. Differences in outcomes between ethnic groups over time present a mixed picture, with disparity decreasing in some areas and widening in others. the officer found what they were searching for[footnote 30]. * Possession (Class A) The proportion of police officers from minority ethnic groups has increased from 6.3% to 7.6% between 2017 and 2021[footnote 95]. , Data for stop and searches is published by Home Office in Stop and search open data tables, Stop and searches under s60 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 accounted for approximately 1% of all stop and searches (s1 and s60) in the latest year. The proportion of Black young offenders eligible for FSM (72%) sentenced to more than 12 months in custody was significantly higher than the proportion for White young offenders (62%). , Some police forces were unable to supply complete data, please see footnotes in the BUSS open data tables. , Offences recorded as homicide as at 15 December 2020; figures are subject to revision as cases are dealt with by the police and by the courts, or as further information becomes available. In contrast, for White offenders those aged 35 to 39 had the highest proportion of offenders reoffending. Around 34% of all Black homicide victims were aged between 15 and 20. A larger proportion of arrests in London were for suspects from minority ethnic groups, at 55%, compared to 16% across the rest of England and Wales. cannon falls shooting; ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020. Official statistics on crime are based on two main sources, police recorded crime, which is collected by the Home Office, and the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW). Reasons for searches that resulted in arrest[footnote 28]. The Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) estimated that 1.6% of adults aged 16 years and over were a victim of violent crime in the year ending March 2020 1 2, ( Appendix tables, year ending March 2020 ), equating to 1.2 million incidents of violence: 0.9% were a victim of violence without injury. Black suspects had the highest proportion of arrests that resulted from stop and search, accounting for 23% of total arrests, which has increased from 17% in 2016/17. Compared to ethnic minority groups, White clients had a higher proportion of representation at committals for sentence at 22%, whereas 15% of Asian and Black clients and 16% of Mixed were represented at committals. The proportion of White victims decreased by 7 percentage points (pp) since the previous three-year period (2014/15 to 2016/17), with corresponding increases in the proportions of victims from Black (up 3pp), Asian (up 2pp), and Other (up 2pp) ethnic groups. Custody rates have largely converged across ethnic groups between 2016 and 2019. These proportions have remained relatively stable when compared to 2018. A 21% decrease was seen in requirements started under suspended sentence orders. Asian offenders had a longer ACSL for drug offences compared to all other ethnic groups, which ranged from 31.8 to 39.8 months. The overall ethnicity trends for stop and searches tend to be influenced by stop and searches conducted in London, due to Londons ethnic composition compared with the rest of England and Wales. The proportion of young offenders persistently absent was higher for White, Black and Asian ethnic groups receiving a custodial sentence compared to the total sentenced/ convicted. This was followed by Black (3.5), Asian (3.3) and Other ethnic groups (3.2). Figure 6.04: Outcomes of Parole Board hearings, year ending March 2021, England and Wales, by ethnicity. Across the past 5 years, White defendants have consistently had the highest guilty plea rate, at 79% in 2020, compared to Black defendants at 66%. Figure 6.03: Average proportion of determinate sentence served in custody, by ethnicity, England and Wales, 2016 to 2020. The relationship between the homicide victim and principal suspect[footnote 19] varied across ethnic groups. Similarly, just over half (53%) of adults arrested in London were from minority ethnic groups, compared to 15% of adults arrested in the rest of England and Wales. Outcomes for minority ethnic children are often more pronounced than White children at various points of the CJS. Switch to the light mode that's kinder on your eyes at day time. Where ethnicity was recorded in the data, for all young offenders sentenced or cautioned, over half were eligible for FSM: White (57%), Black (66%), Asian (59%), and Other (68%).
In the three-year period from 2017/18 to 2019/20, the most frequent location for homicides with White or Asian victims was in and around the house (53% and 41%, respectively), whereas those with victims from Black or Other ethnic groups were more likely to take place on the street (including footpaths/alleyways; 60% and 48%, respectively). We publish tables annually that include a . The latest data available during the compilation of this report have been included. In contrast, despite White prisoners making up 73% of the entire prison population, only 47% of prisoners aged under 18 were White. Arrests for Asian, Mixed and Other ethnicity children declined 24% to 25%. Police officers have the power to stop and search individuals under different pieces of legislation. However, for White suspects, the proportion of arrests for drug offences (10%), was exceeded by the proportion of arrests for theft offences (14%). Figure 4.02: Distribution of stop and searches in London and England and Wales, by ethnicity, 2020/21. You can change your cookie settings at any time. The proportion of suspects stopped and searched remained relatively stable across most ethnic groups, with a decrease from 21% to 17% for the Black ethnic group. , Overall pupil population referring to cohort 2014/15. This is the largest decrease in the proportion of White practitioners of all the CJS organisations. , Excludes declarations of prefer not to say. Figure 8.05: Sentencing outcomes for all drug offences, 2020, England and Wales. These proportions have remained relatively stable over the last 5-year period. Latest crime statistics from the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) and police recorded crime. Time spent at court increased in 2020 from previous years for all ethnic groups and offences, due to restrictions in response to COVID-19[footnote 47]. The processes by which other revisions will be communicated and published. Figure 5.05: Percentages of sentencing outcomes for all ethnicities, 2020, England and Wales. 82% of people in England and Wales are white, and 18% belong to a black, Asian, mixed or other ethnic group (2021 Census data). In 2020/21, 77% of stop and searches conducted on individuals from the Asian ethnic group were for drugs, compared to 67 to 68% of all other ethnic groups. The following offence groups will be of particular focus: As noted in the introduction, comparisons across ethnic groups do not account for previous offending history, detailed offence mix and other offender characteristics and that should be considered when interpreting results in this section. Similarly, a higher proportion of Black young offenders (83%) had been recorded as being suspended, compared to White (79%), Asian (74%) and Other (74%) offenders[footnote 80]. , The HMI Prisons section refers to race rather than ethnicity as this was the term used in the survey. Figure 9.04: Proportion of staff and practitioners in CJS organisations by ethnicity[footnote 99], latest year and 2016 or 2017, England and Wales. Under the Criminal Justice Act 1991, section 95, the government collects annual statistics based on race and crime. To meet these commitments, all of our statistical publications will: Ensure that the need for major revisions for any series are pre-announced on the Ministry of Justice website. For example, in 2020, Black defendants were 16% less likely to enter a guilty plea than White defendants in Crown Court [footnote 48]. Figure 5.06: Relative Rate Index (RRI): The custodial sentencing rate for defendants expressed as a proportion of the of the overall sentencing rate for all defendants sentenced for indictable offences, 2016 to 2020, England and Wales. The defendant can be directed to appear in court or remanded on bail or in custody. In 2020, of prisoners whose ethnicity was known[footnote 49], 73% were White, 13% Black, 8% Asian, 5% Mixed and 1% from Other ethnic groups. As this data is now several years old it may not accurately represent the distribution of ethnic groups in the population, particularly for children when comparing to 2018 CJS figures. , Children includes individuals aged up to 17 and adults includes individuals aged 18 and over. This was followed by defendants from the Chinese or Other ethnic groups (16%), Asian defendants (14%), Mixed defendants (12%) and White defendants (12%). In 2019/20, an estimated 6% of children were a victim of a personal crime once or more, based on findings from the CSEW. Over the last 5 years, the proportion of suspects who were stopped and searched remained relatively stable across most ethnic groups, with a slight decrease in those from the Black ethnic group (21% to 17%). In 2020, the custody rate for possession of weapons offences was highest for Black and Mixed offenders at 38%, the custody rate for White offenders was 36%, and 29% for both Asian and Chinese or Other offenders. When conducting a stop and search, police record the reason for the stop and search as well as the ethnicity of the person searched[footnote 25]. In 2020, of the defendants prosecuted, 76% were White, 12% were Black, 7% were Asian, 4% were of Mixed ethnicity groups, and 2% were Chinese or Other ethnic groups. , Concordance rates are calculated by dividing the number of those who were recommended to receive a sentence disposal and did receive it, by all those who were recommended to receive it. Together, these five offence groups equate to 97% of all prosecutions and convictions for indictable drug offences where ethnicity is known. In the three-year period 2017/18[footnote 13] to 2019/20, there were 1,951[footnote 14] homicides in the Home Office Homicide Index[footnote 15], where ethnicity of the victim was recorded. However, these data have been extracted from large administrative data systems and surveys generated by the courts, police forces and other agencies, so some care should be taken, in particular when considering small differences and or sample sizes. Arrests for children have been declining at a faster rate than arrests for adults, down 33% and 20% respectively since 2016/17. The lowest proportion of male homicides was in the White ethnic group (65%). This chapter explores outcomes for defendants[footnote 38] in the Criminal Justice System (CJS) predominantly drawing on indictable offence data from the Criminal Justice Statistics quarterly: December 2020 publication. This section focuses on the following high-volume indictable drug offences: As shown in figure 5.03, the Chinese or Other and Black ethnic groups were more likely to be remanded in custody at Crown Court in 2020, at 51% and 49% respectively. The reoffending rate was highest for children across all ethnic groups compared to adults. In 2020, 37% of all defendants prosecuted for sexual offences at Crown Court were remanded in custody . The total prison population in England and Wales was 79,000 on 30th June 2020, the lowest in 14 years. The Chinese or Other ethnic group had the highest number of defendants remanded in custody, at 62%, whereas the White ethnic group had the lowest number of defendants remanded in custody, at 42%. Mixed ethnicity suspects had the highest proportion of stop and searches in which the outcome was linked (25%) compared to all other ethnic groups, these ranged from 21% to 22%. The average number of days spent at court (from first listing in magistrates courts to completion in Crown Court) for defendants dealt with in Crown Court cases varies across ethnicities. , For 2014/15, following SEN reforms, SEN pupils are categorised as SEN with a statement or Education, health and care (EHC) plan and SEN support. Since 2015/16, the percentage of adults who were victims of a personal crime once or more, excluding fraud and computer misuse, remained stable at 4%. When controlling for offence mix across ethnic groups, a decrease in ACSL was observed across all ethnic groups. The ACSL, for indictable offences, for male offenders has increased over the last five years for all ethnic groups.

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