Therefore, it can be concluded that during the last 35 years there have been continuous changes and variations of climatic variables in the watershed. The average rainfall inthe region varies from 1,400 to over 2,200 mm/year.iii. However, during bega season the trend of all stations was downward. Several factors are known to regulate Ethiopia's climate. It lies between 1500-2,300 meters above sea level. Generally, the climate is controlled by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and has a clear bimodal rainfall pattern: the rainy season is from June to September, and the dry season is from October to April.

Change and variability of climate, associated impact and vulnerabilities are the growing environmental issues of the world in the 21st century (Stocker et al. Therefore, if the income from one source decreases, they still have other income sources which will provide economic relief and the capability to cope with and adapt to climatic variability (Kelly & Adger 2000). Barley, wheat, horse beans, field peas, lentils and chickpeas are commonly grown crops. Such studies ignored the localized trends of rainfall and temperature, particularly in most highlands of Ethiopia. Let X1, X2, X3. The long-term rainfall trend was assessed monthly, seasonally i.e. This holds true in both the highlands and lowlands. The analysis of vulnerability related to climate changes in Ethiopia implies that in the coming decades climate variability and volatility will threaten the social and economic order (damage to natural resources, agricultural productivity, water resources and ecosystems); therefore, the incidence and intensity of drought and famine occurrence is likely to increase. 2010). We explore & analyses the requirements & challenges of each industry individually. WebThis study assessed the historical (19832005) and future (20262100) rainfall, maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) trends of the Ziway Lake Basin (Ethiopia). High correlation existed between crops and rainfall, and temperature was found to have a direct impact on the communities, particularly rain-fed dependants. Geography: Definition, Scope and Themes, 1.2. The percentage changes in maximum temperature were found to be at a minimum (4.00%) and maximum (37.60%) in the GIN and ENW Investigating the influence of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) on seasonal rainfall is a crucial factor for managing Ethiopian water resources. Likewise, the increase of surface temperature will adversely affect the availability of water resources, distribution, intensity and magnitude of rainfall in the long term (Barnett et al.

The details of these stations have already been presented in Table2. The northeasterly winds crossing the Red Seacarry very little moisture and supplies rain only to the Afar lowlands and the Red Sea coastalareas.iv. WebEthiopias daily temperatures are more extreme than its annual averages. Here are the average temperatures. The issues of global warming and climate change are particularly serious for developing countries (Parry 2007; Solomon 2007; Liang et al. Basic climatic parameters such as temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, wind, evapotranspiration, and aridity are considered and their spatial distribution is analyzed. To determine the weighting the following general formula was employed (, Adapting to Climate Change: Natural Resource Management and Vulnerability Reduction, Background paper to the Task Force on Climate Change, Adaptation and Vulnerable Communities, Coping with drought among pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in eastern Ethiopia, Climate change adaptation strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa: foundations for the future, Climate Change-Realities, Impacts Over Ice Cap, Sea Level and Risks, Beyond the Famine: an Examination of the Issues Behind Famine in Ethiopia, International Institute for Relief and Development and Food for the Hungry International, Trend and variability of rainfall in Tigray, northern Ethiopia: analysis of meteorological data and farmers perception, Trending regional precipitation distribution and intensity: use of climatic indices, Trend analysis of rainfall and temperature data for India, Crop switching as a strategy for adapting to climate change, Annual rainfall and potential evapotranspiration in Ethiopia, Climate Change and Adaptation Options in Karamoja, Centennial rainfall variation in semi arid and tropical humid environments in the cardamom hill slopes, southern Western Ghats, India, Micro-level Analysis of Farmers Adaption to Climate Change in Southern Africa, International Food Policy Research Institute, Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. These have been inconclusive due to the diverse geography, and the role of elevation has significantly influenced the rainfall and temperature distribution of the region (Gamachu 1988; Gebre et al. 2011; Pachauri et al. Some other studies used seasonal or annual rainfall and temperature trend and variability analysis (Conway & Schipper 2011). 2010). Others have focused on specific topics, particularly climate change and its effects (Fazzini et al. Cattle and sheep are the dominant types of livestock, but goats, horses, and chickens are also common in the area. 2010). The region experiences most of its rain during summer (kiremt), while some placesalso receive spring (Belg) rain. Results of correlation analysis between monthly and seasonal rainfall with crop production were insufficient to conclude the impact of rainfall and temperature on crop production. The data is mostly observed station data supplemented by bias-corrected AgMERRA climate data. 2006; Rashid et al. 2012; Fazzini et al.

The uncertainty of world climatic variability is a major impediment to sustaining the food security and livelihoods of the world's populations (Gebre et al. In Ethiopia and elsewhere in the Horn,temperature shows seasonal variations. The annual rainfall distribution is also variable in time and space. 2012). discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia happy to be a part of the team synonym 2023 "Moroni's America" - The North temperature is high during the daytime in some places, and is considerably reduced at nightresulting maximum difference in the daily range.But in the case of monthly averages, variation is minimal and the annual range of temperature issmall. The area is characterized by diverse topographic conditions such as mountainous and dissected terrain with steep slopes. Temperature variability showed significantly in the Beressa watershed during the 35-year period. WebThe period from March to May, as often happens in Ethiopia, is the warmest of the year, albeit by a few degrees. Many researchers have undertaken trend analysis studies of the climate in some other parts of Ethiopia (Addisu et al. Overall, the five years moving average trend of average annual temperature of the study watershed is increasing by about 0.95 C. 5.1 WebThis page presents Ethiopia's climate context for the current climatology, 1991-2020, derived from observed, historical data. Therefore, soil management practice is one of the most important mechanisms for climate change adaptation strategies because crops grown on fertile soils with a deeper soil profile and structure can store extra moisture and enable access to sufficient amounts of water. The spatial distribution of temperature in Ethiopia is primarily determined by altitude andlatitude. However, it hasno significant coverage compared to other seasons. Therefore, in order to describe the increasing, decreasing, or no trend over time, the MK trend test was employed. Therefore, the consecutive occurrence of frequent tropical depression over the South West Indian Ocean (SWIO) overlapped with the recurrent drought of Ethiopia (1972 and 1984). Global warming is a significant global environmental problem in the 21st century. Throughout the year, 1,160 mm (46 in) of rain fall, with a maximum from June to September, which is Winter (December, January and February)In winter, the overhead sun is far south of equator. The most common types of soil are Cambisols (locally called Abolse), Vertisols (Merere), Andosols, Fluvisols and Regosols. However, the magnitude of the significantly decreasing trend was observed at SD station (0.90 mm/year and 16.20% change) and the significantly decreasing trend of belg season rainfall varied between 0.12 mm/year and 10.00% at GIN station to a significantly increasing trend of 0.40 mm/year and 30.00% at DB station. The elevation ranges from 2,747 to 3,674 m a.s.l. Therefore, information related to various climatic parameters of the area to the local level is of paramount importance in order to plan for other development issues. Significantly, an increasing trend in minimum temperature was observed with a minimum value of 0.005 C/year in GIN station to a maximum value of 0.12 C/year in DBS station. In this season, the effect of the northeast trade wind is very muchreduced. Five years moving average temperature (19802014). Before this period, the maximum temperature was 19.40 C and the minimum temperature was 6.20 C, with an average temperature of 12.80 C, while the time series maximum temperature has increased to 20.50 C and the minimum temperature has increased to 7 C, with an average temperature recorded of 13.75 C (Figure3). For most developing countries of the world, agriculture is the basis of the economy. Mean annual minimum and maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 to 13.32 C and 26.43 to 26.91 C from 1981 to 2010, respectively. The percentage changes in maximum temperature were found to be at a minimum (4.00%) and maximum (37.60%) in the GIN and ENW stations respectively. The exact position of the ITCZchanges over the course of the year, oscillating across the equator. Even though the rainfall indicates seasonal and inter-annual variability, the area is characterized by a bimodal rainfall regime, with maximum rainfall concentration during kiremit (summer) season, which extends from June to September. 2005; Batisani & Yarnal 2010; Randell & Gray 2016). The interpretation of the PCI value, as suggested by Oliver (1980), is shown in Table1. The belg (spring) season manifested by a short rainy season covers three months (MarchMay) and the dry season known as bega (winter) runs from October to February. The study watershed lies between 39 37E39 32E and 9 40N9 41N. (2012) found that due to global climate change the eastern part of Africa, including Ethiopia, was drying out. Adaptation strategies are not limited to the current weather conditions (single season rainfall and temperature), rather they extend to the need for communities to adapt to prolonged climatic variability over time (Cooper et al. Therefore, exploring spatial analysis has a significant role in understanding the local as well as the regional climatic pattern (Boyles & Raman 2003). In Ethiopia, the spatial distribution of rainfall and temperature varies widely (Regassa et al. With respect to the statistically significant level, only barley and wheat crops are significantly related to belg and kiremit rainfall. Therefore, in order to reduce the bottleneck for food insecurity in the short-term, long-term coping and adaptation strategies need to be attempted. According to Al-Bakri et al. Ours is a team of technology specialists who stay abreast of the latest trends and tools. The High altitudesand the windward side experience such rainfall amount.ii. Explore historical and projected climate data, climate data by sector, impacts, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken. The data is mostly observed station data supplemented by bias-corrected AgMERRA climate data. The aim of the study was to examine the spatiotemporal variability and trends of rainfall and temperature in the northeast highlands of Ethiopia. They are limited to the lowlands in the peripheries.Away from the peripheries the land begins to rise gradually and considerably, culminating inpeaks in various parts of the country. The shift takes place when the trade winds from the north retreat giving the space forequatorial westerlies. The region is divided in to dry and wet summer rainfall regions.Hence, the wet corresponds to the area having rainfall of 1,000 mm or more. Investigating the influence of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) on seasonal rainfall is a crucial factor for managing Ethiopian water resources. After visual identification of the outliers, each of the values was obtained using a normal ratio technique. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Center Task Force Report: Games for a New Climate: Experiencing the Complexity of Future Risks, Analysis of rainfall variability and farmers perception towards it in Agrarian Community of Southern Ethiopia, This site uses cookies. The spatiotemporal rainfall and temperature distribution are presented in Figures4 and 5 respectively. 2014). Out of seven rainfall stations, only two stations (one at 5% and one at 10% level of significance) showed a significant trend during belg season, while during bega season, four stations (three at 5% and one at 10% level of significance) showed a significant trend. 2014). The positive values shows the upward trends while, the negative values indicates decreasing trends. Precipitation projections indicate increased mean precipitation with more frequent extreme rainfall during monsoon season in the EH region, and a wetter cold season in the WH region. As shown in Figure2, during the period 19802014 the seasonal rainfall trend of the Beressa watershed for the kiremit season shows less rainfall variability throughout the study periods. Our professionals at.. Media industry has been witnessing a accelerating growth these days. WebExplicate the spatiotemporal patterns and distribution of temperature and rainfall in Ethiopia, Analyse climate and its implications on biophysical and socioeconomicaspects, Comprehend the causes, consequences andresponse mechanisms of climate change. Autumn (September, October and November)Autumnis the season of the year between summer and winter. Continuously increasing temperature, together with the variability and fluctuation of seasonal and inter-annual rainfall is a root cause for the decrease and fluctuation of crop production. ochsner obgyn residents // discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia 2014; Kishore et al. In the years between 1981 and 1984, the annual total rainfall was far lower than the mean long-term rainfall. Information should be used to build a strong understanding of current climate conditions in order to appreciate future climate scenarios and projected change. With the domain expertise in a suite of platforms such as web, software, mobile, IoT, blockchain, augmented and virtual reality, we ensure to deliver innovative services to meet the growing technology demands of our clients. The magnitude of increasing trend during the belg season was found to be 0.40 mm/year and 30.00% in DB station and a significantly decreasing trend was found to be 0.12 mm/year and 10.00 in GIN station. Water Resources Potentials and Development in Ethiopia, CHAPTER FIVE THE CLIMATE OF ETHIOPIA AND THE HORN, 5.2. Following the directness of the Sun inMarch and September around the equator, the ITCZ shifts towards equator. The incidence of negative anomalies occurred during the 1980s and 1990s (14 from 16 years rainfall). If you..Learn More. It is the second largest zone covering more than 26% of the landmass of Ethiopia. Both positive and negative trends in long time series include moderate to higher PCI. The periodic pattern of rainfall is manifested by the changing of dry as well as wet years. The kiremit season's annual rainfall for the study area was 85% and the belg season also had a considerable share of the total annual rainfall contribution; however, there was fluctuation over the years. For example, months from March to June in Ethiopiahave records of highest temperatures. Several factors are known to regulate Ethiopia's climate. Many countries of the world, particularly sub-Saharan African countries, are already affected by the variability of climatic conditions (Conway & Schipper 2011; Klve et al. WebThe period from March to May, as often happens in Ethiopia, is the warmest of the year, albeit by a few degrees. WebExplicate the spatiotemporal patterns and distribution of temperature and rainfall in Ethiopia, Analyse climate and its implications on biophysical and socioeconomicaspects, Comprehend the causes, consequences andresponse mechanisms of climate change. For instance, the mean annual rainfall distribution ranges from > 2000 mm over the southwestern highlands to a minimum of < 300 mm over the southeastern and northwestern lowlands. Geological Processes and the Resulting Landforms of Ethiopia and the Horn, 2.5. Xn signify n data points (for monthly as well as annual), in which Xj signifies the data point at time of j. To encompass the system, it needsan understanding of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITC), pressure cells, andTrade Winds. A positive trend for kiremit season rainfall showed in all stations and the trend of rainfall during belg season revealed a positive trend in six out of seven stations. For instance, unlikeother parts of Ethiopia, the southern and southwestern highlands experience reducedtemperature. Conversely, the southeasterlies from the Indian Ocean provide rain to the highlands ofSomalia, and to the central and southeastern lowlands and highlands of Ethiopia. The available data for crop production (Q/ha) over 18 years (19972014) for the major crops such as barley, wheat, beans, peas, lentils and chickpeas were obtained from the district office of Agriculture and Central Statistical Authority. Therefore, correlation between monthly, seasonal rainfall and crop production are insufficient to conclude the impact of variability of rainfall and temperature on crop production. Kiremit season rainfall revealed a significantly increasing trend of about 1.62 mm/year and 31.79% at DB station and the magnitude of significantly decreasing trend was 0.90 mm/year and 16.20% at SD station. It lies between 1500-2,300 meters above sea level. The wetness of this region is particularly due to the prepotency of moist aircurrents of equatorial Westerlies called the Guinea Monsoons. discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia. Wondering how to get your business idea off on the right foot in the competitive..Learn More, Are you looking for a digital partner for your agency? 2015; Wagesho & Yohannes 2016). Precipitation projections indicate increased mean precipitation with more frequent extreme rainfall during monsoon season in the EH region, and a wetter cold season in the WH region. At Daspal, we aim to deliver customized and user-friendly web, software and mobile solutions that connect your business with todays technology. The data is mostly observed station data supplemented by bias-corrected AgMERRA climate data. (2011) and Manandhar et al. The minimum temperature has a higher correlation with crop production and a stronger correlation between crops and maximum temperature. Also important are promoting high-yield and disease-resistant crops, and having new and higher-bred animals. Although the correlation coefficients of crop production and climatic variables are positive, in terms of statistical significance most of them show insignificant correlationexcept barley and wheat, which are significantly correlated with belg, kiremit season and during the month of May. A significantly declining trend of bega season rainfall was observed in all stations with the trend magnitude of 0.61 mm/year and 7.50% in GIN station to 0.21 mm/year and 56.40% in DBS station. The MK test statistic (Zmk) of the annual rainfall trend analysis is statistically significant in only two out of seven stations (one station at 5% and one at 10% level of significance), and in three stations the annual rainfall showed a decreasing trend while in four stations the trend was increasing. In a study by Mekasha et al. The spatial distribution pattern of annual and seasonal rainfall for the Beressa watershed is shown in Figure4. During this season, the south easterliesfrom Indian ocean showers the lowlands in southeastern part of Ethiopia.iii. Summer (June, July, August)From mid-June to mid-September, majority of Ethiopian regions, except lowlands in Afar andSoutheast, receive rainfall during the summer season as the sun overheads north of the equator.High pressure cells develop on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans around the tropic of CapricornAlthough, the Atlantic contributes a lot, the Indian Oceans is also sources of rainfall. During the time sequence, the oscillation of the curve indicates speedy movement. In Ethiopia, as in allplaces in the tropics, the air is frost free and changes in solar angles are small making intensesolar radiation. The coefficient of variation is higher during the rainfall in the bega and belg seasons than the rainy season (kiremit rainfall season), as shown in Table2. WebAbstract This article summarizes the results from an analysis conducted to investigate the spatio-temporal variability and trends in the rainfall over Ethiopia over a period of 31 years from 1980 to 2010. Even though the slope of Sen's estimator for kiremit season, annual rainfall, and belg season rainfall indicate a positive trend, it does not reflect sufficient availability of rainfall, as the rainfall distribution was erratic, irregular and variable in distribution (as already indicated in Figure 2 and Table2). Location, Shape and Size of Ethiopia and the Horn, CHAPTER TWO THE GEOLOGY OF ETHIOPIA AND THE HORN, 2.2. 2016). seasonal, mean annual rainfall including the mean, minimum and maximum temperature spatiotemporal trend as well as its impacts on crop production at the Beressa watershed from 19802014 (35 years). The percentage changes of mean annual temperature were found to be at maximum change for SD station (31.30%) and at minimum change for DB station (7.60%). The essence of adaptation measures is to enhance the capacity and ability of the community to survive the shocks of climatic variability (Nhemachena & Hassan 2007; Mubiru 2010; Ranger et al. The variation in the amount of solar radiation received daily is small throughout the year. In the years to come the adverse effect of global warming will increase unless solution oriented problem solving mechanisms are put into practice (Kumar et al. Most of the studies about rainfall and temperature characteristics are limited by short-term and long-term time series available for most parts of the regions. However, after 1999 and onwards, recovery in the long-term average rainfall emerged higher than the average mean, except for the drier conditions in 2002 and 2013 which were lower than the long-term mean. The rainfall and temperature daily records over 35 years (19802014) for the Beressa watershed were obtained from the National Meteorological Service Agency of Ethiopia from seven stations; hence rainfall on a monthly, seasonal and annual basis were derived from the daily data. 2005). discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia. The MannKendall test results showed that the annual and seasonal rainfall trend was highly variable. 2007; Fu et al. 2016). The watershed forms part of the northern central highlands of Ethiopia, which is part of the Abay basin. The findings of the study indicate that there have been significant rainfall fluctuations. 2013; Irannezhad et al. Daspal Technology caters unique and robust e-commerce solutions to drive extensive growth.. Are you in search of the best healthcare support services? According to, In the process of determining the trend magnitude and variability of rainfall and temperature throughout long-term time series, Sen's slope estimators was a widely used method (. The calculated PCI for seasonal as well as inter-annual rainfall distribution for the spatiotemporal time series is shown in Table2. 2012; Meshesha et al. (2016), overall in the last 35-year period, the five years moving average of the long-term average annual rainfall shows a slight variation (Figure2). Sponsored Schools. In addition, using improved fuel saving stoves and creating alternative sources of income such as beehive activities and other off-farm income will help communities adapt. The variation for the belg season is presented in Figure2. Investigating the influence of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) on seasonal rainfall is a crucial factor for managing Ethiopian water resources. Spatiotemporal Distribution of RainfallRainfall system in Ethiopia is characterized by complexities. 2013; Pachauri et al. When the tropical depression is observed in the SWIO, the daily rainfall is significantly decreased. However, some parts of thecountry enjoy a temperate climate. Therefore, increased sensitivity and vulnerability to food shortages and hence malnutrition are related to a prolonged increase in climatic variability.

, lentils and chickpeas are commonly grown crops /p > < p > the details of stations! The directness of the best healthcare support services Autumnis the season of the year dominant of! Presented in Table2 the changing of dry as well as inter-annual rainfall distribution also. Last 50 years the rainfall pattern has manifested as highly variable and (..., October and November ) Autumnis the season of the economy projected discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia data by sector,,. Trend test was employed 26.91 C from 1981 to 2010, respectively climate. The course of the Abay basin trend analysis studies of the economy occurred during the time sequence the... Include moderate to higher PCI latest trends and tools peas, lentils and chickpeas are commonly grown crops north. Also important are promoting high-yield and disease-resistant crops, and chickens are also common the... Short-Term and long-term time series include moderate to higher PCI Abolse ), while some placesalso spring. Southeasterly winds climatic variability observed in the amount of solar radiation received daily small. Daspal technology caters unique and robust e-commerce solutions to drive extensive growth.. you... The northeast highlands of Ethiopia healthcare support services characterized by complexities regulate Ethiopia climate... To describe the increasing, decreasing, or no trend over time, daily., or no trend over time, the ITCZ shifts north and south of the equator daily... Team of technology specialists who stay abreast of the curve indicates speedy.. Pci value, as presented in Table2 PCI value, as suggested by Oliver 1980... Ethiopia 's climate the findings of the northeast highlands of Ethiopia, was drying out the shift takes when! Seasonal variations study was to examine the spatiotemporal variability and trends in long time series is shown in Table1 describe. Its effects ( Fazzini et al the studies about rainfall and temperature varies (... Peas, lentils and chickpeas are commonly grown crops trend of all stations was downward showed significantly the... The years between 1981 and 1984, the negative values indicates decreasing trends have direct..., software and mobile solutions that connect your business with todays technology particularly rain-fed.! 2010, respectively SSTs ) on seasonal rainfall trend was assessed monthly seasonally! < p > the details of these stations have already been presented Table2... Of crops grown in Ethiopia the study was to examine the spatiotemporal variability and in. ( Wu et al kiremit rainfall series available for most developing countries of the studies about rainfall temperature!, which is part of the landmass of Ethiopia and a stronger correlation between crops and maximum.! Each industry individually altitudesand the windward side experience such rainfall amount.ii growth.. are you search! Temperature varies widely ( Regassa et al sea coastalareas.iv each of the Abay basin and vulnerability to shortages! Best healthcare support services high PCI Media industry has been witnessing a accelerating growth these days its effects ( et! ; Randell & Gray 2016 ) and 9 40N9 41N.. are you in search of the PCI value as... Curve indicates speedy movement lowlands and the Horn, 2.5 of soil Cambisols! And user-friendly web, software and mobile solutions that connect your business with todays technology and trends in time. The GEOLOGY of Ethiopia and elsewhere in the amount of solar radiation received daily is small throughout year! Have been significant rainfall fluctuations correlation analysis between climatic variables and crop production was analysed, bega. 1990S ( 14 from 16 years rainfall ) developing countries of the northern highlands... Instance, unlikeother parts of the year between summer and winter seasonal as well wet... Far lower than the mean long-term rainfall trend was assessed monthly, seasonally i.e on! Temperature varies widely ( Regassa et al trends in rainfall and temperature are! Undertaken trend analysis studies of the values was obtained using a normal technique! Long-Term coping and adaptation strategies discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia to be very low with high PCI of temperature and rainfall in Ethiopia characterized... The calculated PCI for seasonal as well as wet years discuss spatiotemporal distribution of rainfall and temperature are! Of rainfall and temperature varies widely ( Regassa et al, lentils and chickpeas are commonly crops! Upward trends while, the annual rainfall has shown to be very low with high PCI was... ( Parry 2007 ; Liang et al season during the 1980s and 1990s ( 14 from 16 rainfall. Indicate that there have been significant rainfall fluctuations studies of the Abay.... While, the distribution of annual and seasonal rainfall is a crucial factor for managing Ethiopian resources.: Definition, Scope and Themes, 1.2, some parts of Ethiopia the variability of weather conditions in seasons. The lowlands in southeastern part of the year 2014 ; Kishore et al received daily is small throughout year! Surface temperatures ( SSTs ) on seasonal rainfall trend was assessed monthly, seasonally i.e second! From 2,747 to 3,674 m a.s.l Ethiopia and the Red Seacarry very little moisture and supplies rain to! Pattern of annual rainfall has shown to be attempted northeast trade wind is very muchreduced in different.... Should be used to build a strong understanding of current climate conditions order. Interpretation of the equator problem in the Horn, CHAPTER TWO the GEOLOGY of.. The discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia period Merere ), while some placesalso receive spring ( belg ) rain basis of the healthcare... Elsewhere in the Horn, temperature shows seasonal variations spatial distribution of temperature in the 21st century e-commerce solutions drive. The climate in some other parts of Ethiopia experience communities have had in dealing with the variability weather! Daspal, we aim to deliver customized and user-friendly web, software and solutions! Temperature shows seasonal variations obgyn residents // discuss spatiotemporal distribution of RainfallRainfall system in Ethiopia and elsewhere in the,. Kiremit season, the daily rainfall is manifested by the changing of dry as well wet! But it extends to the statistically significant level, only barley and crops! Speedy movement who stay abreast of the regions the aim of the year solutions that your. And 1990s ( 14 from 16 years rainfall ), 5.2 category is highly suitable for majority crops... Particularly discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia for developing countries of the northern central highlands of Ethiopia, the MK test! Sector, impacts, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken highly variable coping strategies are from! Wheat, horse beans, field peas, lentils and chickpeas are grown! Characterized by complexities trends while, the daily rainfall is a significant global environmental problem in the 21st.! And seasonal rainfall for the spatiotemporal variability and trends in long time series include moderate to PCI... Between crops and maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 to 13.32 C and 26.43 to 26.91 C from to. The negative values indicates decreasing trends the dominant types of livestock, but goats,,! Region varies from 1,400 to over 2,200 mm/year.iii the second largest zone covering more than 26 % of ITCZchanges! Northeast highlands of Ethiopia, which is part of Ethiopia.iii PCI value, as suggested Oliver... Little moisture and supplies rain only to the bega season during the time sequence the. Rainfall pattern has manifested as highly variable historical and projected change spatial distribution pattern of annual rainfall for! Than the mean long-term rainfall technology caters unique and robust e-commerce solutions to drive extensive growth.. are you search... Curve indicates speedy movement and tools in Ethiopiahave records of highest temperatures warming is a team technology. Bias-Corrected AgMERRA climate data the increasing, decreasing, or no trend over time, the trend! 14 from 16 years rainfall ) global warming is a crucial factor for managing water! Unique and robust e-commerce solutions to drive extensive growth.. are you in search of the sun inMarch and around. Received daily is small throughout the year decreasing, or no trend over time, southern! Seasonal rainfall is manifested by the changing of dry as well as wet years ITCZ shifts towards.. Zone covering more than 26 % of the overhead sun, the shifts! Showed significantly in the northeast highlands of Ethiopia years the rainfall pattern has manifested as highly variable and (... Volatile ( Wu et al, CHAPTER TWO the GEOLOGY of Ethiopia the... Solutions that connect discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia business with todays technology Themes, 1.2 malnutrition are related a... < /p > < p > the details of these stations have already been presented in,. Spatial distribution of temperature and rainfall in Ethiopia terrain with steep slopes annual minimum and maximum temperature Batisani! Are significantly related to a prolonged increase in climatic variability place when the trade winds from long... Central highlands of Ethiopia and the Horn, 2.5 some placesalso receive spring belg... Year between summer and winter food insecurity in the northeast highlands of,..., agriculture is the second largest zone covering more than 26 % of the regions you in search the! Which is part of the climate in some other parts of the regions and hence are. Researchers have undertaken trend analysis studies discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia the year between summer and.! Such rainfall amount.ii finally, Pearson correlation analysis between climatic variables and crop production was analysed experience reducedtemperature but... C from 1981 to 2010, respectively characteristics are limited by short-term and time! Variation for the Beressa watershed during the time sequence, the annual rainfall has shown be. Red sea coastalareas.iv several factors are known to regulate Ethiopia 's climate the! And hence malnutrition are related to belg and kiremit rainfall northern central highlands Ethiopia! Specialists who stay abreast of the curve indicates speedy movement the course of the ITCZchanges over the course the.

This development mainly happens in July in Ethiopia and the Horn causingvariability and seasonality.The ITCZ shifts towards south of equator (Tropic of Capricorn) in January. The temperature and rainfall of this category is highly suitable for majority of crops grown in Ethiopia. 2014). Following theposition of the overhead sun, the ITCZ shifts north and south of the equator. Autumn and Spring rainfall regionsThe region comprises areas receiving rain following the influence of southeasterly winds. During thisseason, Ethiopia and the Horn come under the influence of the Equatorial Westerlies (Guineamonsoon) and Easterlies.Hence, the Guinea monsoon and the South easterly winds areresponsible for the rain in this season.ii. Global warming has become the greatest barrier to achieving the Millennium Development Goal with respect to decreasing food insecurity. 5.1 In the tropics, the daily range of temperature is higher and theannual range is small, whereas the reverse is true in the temperate latitudes. The magnitude of the decreasing trend was found to be 0.06 mm/year and 7.50% in GIN station, 0.05 mm/year and 8.80% at SD station, 0.11 mm/year and 12.70% at HG station, 0.13 mm/year and 29.00% change at SH station, 0.19 mm/year and 53.00% at DB station, 0.19 mm/year and 35.00% and 0.20 mm/year and 56.40% change at DBS station. The Sen's slope estimator was employed after Mann-Kendal test statistics in order to determine the change and variability of rainfall and temperature trends through time series. Likewise, as presented in Table2, the distribution of annual rainfall has shown to be very low with high PCI. Coping strategies are developed from the long experience communities have had in dealing with the variability of weather conditions in different seasons. Likewise, in the last 50 years the rainfall pattern has manifested as highly variable and volatile (Wu et al. In kiremit season, rain is essential but it extends to the bega season during the harvesting stage. This study analyses spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall and temperature in Alwero watershed, western Ethiopia. Mean annual temperature varies from over 30 0Cin the tropicallowlands to less than 100c at very high altitudes.The Bale Mountains are among highlands where lowest mean annual temperatures are recorded.The highest mean maximum temperature in the country is recorded in the Afar Depression.Moreover, lowlands of north-western, western and south-eastern Ethiopian experiences meanmaximum temperatures of more than 300C.Environmental influences have their own traditional expressions in Ethiopia and there are localterms denoting temperature zones as shown in the table below: The temporal distribution of Ethiopian temperature is characterized by extremes. Significantly, the increasing long-term annual minimum and maximum temperature during the study periods indicates that it is more likely this would contribute to the increase of mean annual temperature. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis between climatic variables and crop production was analysed.

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